Early or late retirement across the three pillars

As I cannot push off retirement planning* too much longer anymore :grimacing:, I was looking for an overview on what early / late options exist across the three pillars. The closest I could find was this thread so I decided to make a humble attempt at compiling a table myself. Not perfect for sure, volunteering to edit with any much-encouraged additions / corrections posted here.

*there doesn’t seem to be such a forum category so posted it here

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This is an abridged summary only, have included links to more exhaustive pages, mostly from the other thread.

Non-age-specific withdrawals (real estate financing, leaving CH etc.) not shown.

Note the “Standard retirement age”:

  • For women born prior to 1961: 64
  • For women born 1961-1969 see table here
  • For everyone else: 65
Type Criteria 1 (AHV / AVS) 2 (Pension fund) 2 (VBA / FZK) 3a
Pension vs. capital withdrawal Pension only Pension and / or withdrawal Withdrawal only Withdrawal only
Early pension / early withdrawal Age range 63; 62 for women born 1961-1969 58-65(*) (usually) 60-65(*) (usually) 60-65(*)
Conditions 20%-80%, or 100% of total claim dependent on pension fund
Penalty – prior to standard age During early payment period: 1 year early: 6.8%; 2 years early: 13.6%; details here (section 4). dependent on pension fund (foregone tax-free investment returns) (foregone tax-free investment returns)
Penalty – from standard age Early payments taken into account when final pension is calculated dependent on pension fund n/a n/a
Other considerations Income and wealth tax obligations pulled forward; OASI contribution obligation continues prior to reaching standard age unless no CH residency. Income or wealth / withdrawal tax obligations pulled forward Wealth / withdrawal tax obligations pulled forward Wealth / withdrawal tax obligations pulled forward
Late pension / late withdrawal Age range 66-70(*) 65-70(*) (usually) 65-70(*) (usually) 65-70(*)
Conditions Deferral portion 20%-80%, or 100% of total claim. dependent on pension fund Only possible if withdrawals made prior to 1.1.2030, or if still employed Only possible if still employed
Compensation See AHV late drawdown table below dependent on pension fund (additional tax-free investment returns) (additional tax-free investment returns)
Other considerations Income and wealth tax obligations deferred. If still employed, OASI contribution obligation continues. Income or wealth / withdrawal tax obligations deferred Wealth / withdrawal tax obligations deferred Wealth / withdrawal tax obligations deferred

(*) based on standard age = 65 years

AHV late drawdown (deferral in years) Compensation in %
1 5.2
2 10.8
3 17.1
4 24.0
5 31.5
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Thanks. What about the couples’ ahv pension being reduced by 25% when drawn simultaneously? Does it mean that the person with the larger pension should withdraw earlier (60?) and the other one later (70?) to minimize overlap? Or do survivorship tables come into play here also?

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AFAIK, it’s not a 25% reduction, but a 150% cap.

I guess if you are only each eligible for a 75% pension, there is no reduction.

It would be interesting if taking early doesn’t reduce the cap (fairness would maybe say the cap should be reduced, but maybe this is a loophole). If so, then there would be a strategy of having the higher pension withdraw early to reduce the overlap and reduce the pension amount.

However, it might also be better for the 2nd person to withdraw early, then you would be weighing up overlap vs reduction in pension which could reduce/eliminate the cap.

If you take 2 years early, you get only 86.4% pension, so if limit is uncapped, the 2nd pension could be 63.6% without hitting the 150% limit - which would also be equivalent of 77.2% pension taken 2 years early and reduced to 63.6%.

For me it doesn’t matter, as I was not in Switzerland long enough so my pension could only be max 75% anyway.

I find calling it “a cap” misleading. My understanding is that if, say, each of you contribute to the system for 30 years, you’ll get both the ~1/3 reduction for not living in Switzerland long enough and the 25% couples reduction on top. So you end up with a ~68% pension if not married and ~51% pension if married.

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EDIT: I found these calculations which seem to indicate a straight 25% reduction (not a cap) and also the early pension is also adjusted:


Sample Calculations


24. Calculating the Reduction Rate When the Claimant Takes Their Old-Age Pension Early

A married man begins drawing 60% of his old-age pension 1 year and 3 months early, starting in June 2025.

  • Full old-age pension entitlement (partial pension scale 43): CHF 2,463
  • 60% of the pension taken early:
    ( 60% \times 2,463 = 1,478 ) CHF

An early payment reduction rate of 8.5% is applied to this amount:
( 1,478 \times 8.5% = 126 ) CHF

  • Pension after early withdrawal reduction:
    ( 1,478 - 126 = 1,352 ) CHF

His wife reaches the reference age 10 months later (April 2026).
Since she has reached the reference age, the pension is not recalculated, but capped.

From April to August 2026 (5 months), the man receives a capped pension of CHF 1,397.

An 8.5% reduction is applied to this capped amount:
( 1,397 \times 8.5% = 119 ) CHF

  • Final pension during the last 5 months:
    ( 1,397 - 119 = 1,278 ) CHF

25. Calculating the Definitive Reduction Rate When the Claimant Reaches the Reference Age After Early Withdrawal

In August 2026, the man reaches the reference age and will receive the full retirement pension starting September 2026.

At this point, the final pension and the definitive early payment reduction are calculated.

  • His wife has already reached the reference age, so income is split between the spouses.
  • The calculation includes:
    • Contribution periods acquired
    • Contributions paid during the early withdrawal period

As a result:

  • The man has a full contribution record

  • He is entitled to a full pension (pension scale 44)

  • Capped pension amount: CHF 1,890

Definitive early payment reduction is calculated based on the duration of early payments (15 months total):

Period Duration Pension Amount Weighted Amount
First 10 months 10 months CHF 1,478 ( 1,478 \times 10 = 14,780 )
Last 5 months 5 months CHF 1,397 ( 1,397 \times 5 = 6,985 )
Total 15 months 21,765
  • Average monthly pension during early withdrawal:
    ( 21,765 / 15 = 1,451 ) CHF

  • Definitive reduction (8.5% of average):
    ( 1,451 x 8.5% = 123.335 \approx \textbf{123 CHF} )

  • Final pension after reduction:
    ( 1,890 - 123 = \textbf{1,767 CHF} )

:white_check_mark: Result: The man receives CHF 1,767 per month starting in September 2026.

What I don’t understand is how the capped amount for the 5 months is calculated:

From April to August 2026 (5 months), the man receives a capped pension of CHF 1,397 .

Hold on maybe it assumes wife has full pension. so:

1478+2463 =3941

this is higher than the 3675 cap so:

3675/3941 = 93.25%

cap husband 60%: 1478 x 0.9325 = 1378

ok. not the same number but close. maybe with rounding it is 1379 and they made a transposition error and swapped the last 2 digits?

Anyway, from the calculation, it is clear that early retirement doesn’t circumvent the cap as the reduction is calculated post-cap.

However, it seems that having a lower pension e.g. due to fewer years of contributions, doesn’t reduce the cap further. This would imply that a couple with each a 68% pension would get a 68% pension each as 68*2=136 < 150 so not capped and not 51% per the pessimistic interpretation.

The example assumes that the full pension is 2520, I think.

So, I now understand how they do the calculations in this example. It seems, however, that at the point where they apply the cap of 2520 \times 1.5 both spouses have contributed fully, so there’s no further reduction. I’d like to see an example of a couple which only lived for a fraction of their carrier in Switzerland. In fact, I think, I saw one, just can’t find it right away.

well earlier in the example, the cap is applied when the first person is drawing only 60%.

Yes, but it’s applied at the point in time where his spouse has collected the 44 years and he (almost?) did as well.

But would it be different if he had a 60% pension and claimed 100% of it?